Résumé:
Background: Pregnancy and its outcome events are sensitive to environmental exposures.
Supervision is an important observation of the health of the population.
Objective: To characterize the impact of food and nutrient intakes of pregnant women in the
child's weight at birth and to examine whether an association exists between the level and
quality of these inputs and conditions and pregnancy outcome.
Population and methods: The epidemiological investigation and longitudinal semi descriptive
focused on the monitoring of 417 pregnant women living in the town of El Khroub journals
and childbirth during the summer of 2002, anthropometric data and inputs Food and nutrition
(estimated by the tables of Ciqual and FAO) have been collected, and the socioeconomic
status of subjects was assessed by a score of level of living (SNV) incorporating educational
level, occupation, type of Housing and household equipment, the number of children. The
association between variables was assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: The mean age of parturients was 30.7 ± 5.6 years, BMI before pregnancy of 24.9 ±
3.3 kg/m2, after the delivery of 28.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2 The weight gain of 8.9 ± 4.7 kg. The term is
39.6 ± 1.6 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) the birth weight of 3264 ± 494 g. Prematurity accounts
for 6.24%, low birth weight (IUGR) 3.36%. The VNS is low. in almost one third of women.
The mean energy intake (1485 ± 360 kcal or 6215 kJ), is relatively low compared with the
recommendations but the balance between carbohydrates (64.9% of TEI), protein (14.8%) and
lipids (20.3%) is satisfactory.
In term births, the newborn's weight is positively related to maternal age (p = 0.007), with its
initial weight (p = 0.006) and its protein intake (p = 0.03) but only in those with low SNV.
Energy intake, iron, calcium or folate do not appear to depend upon for cons of living or
working on the weight of the child to term.
It was noted that the IUGR and prematurity are in normal proportions. However, our study
was to demonstrate that children normotrophes, ie term babies of normal weight (greater than
2500g), this weight was correlated with the degree of SNV and dietary protein intake, and
thus a form of food, which, without being unbalanced or insufficient, has a slight deficit in
relation to living conditions.
Conclusion: Consistent with the literature, our analysis highlights the relationship of the
child's weight at birth with age, weight and size of the mother, so that after birth. In group NN
normotrophes, weight was correlated with the degree of SNV, and dietary protein intake,
particularly animal.
