Statut nutritionnel et sociodemographique d’une cohorte de femmes enceintes d’el khroub (Constantine, Algerie)

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy and its outcome events are sensitive to environmental exposures. Supervision is an important observation of the health of the population. Objective: To characterize the impact of food and nutrient intakes of pregnant women in the child's weight at birth and to examine whether an association exists between the level and quality of these inputs and conditions and pregnancy outcome. Population and methods: The epidemiological investigation and longitudinal semi descriptive focused on the monitoring of 417 pregnant women living in the town of El Khroub journals and childbirth during the summer of 2002, anthropometric data and inputs Food and nutrition (estimated by the tables of Ciqual and FAO) have been collected, and the socioeconomic status of subjects was assessed by a score of level of living (SNV) incorporating educational level, occupation, type of Housing and household equipment, the number of children. The association between variables was assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean age of parturients was 30.7 ± 5.6 years, BMI before pregnancy of 24.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2, after the delivery of 28.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2 The weight gain of 8.9 ± 4.7 kg. The term is 39.6 ± 1.6 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) the birth weight of 3264 ± 494 g. Prematurity accounts for 6.24%, low birth weight (IUGR) 3.36%. The VNS is low. in almost one third of women. The mean energy intake (1485 ± 360 kcal or 6215 kJ), is relatively low compared with the recommendations but the balance between carbohydrates (64.9% of TEI), protein (14.8%) and lipids (20.3%) is satisfactory. In term births, the newborn's weight is positively related to maternal age (p = 0.007), with its initial weight (p = 0.006) and its protein intake (p = 0.03) but only in those with low SNV. Energy intake, iron, calcium or folate do not appear to depend upon for cons of living or working on the weight of the child to term. It was noted that the IUGR and prematurity are in normal proportions. However, our study was to demonstrate that children normotrophes, ie term babies of normal weight (greater than 2500g), this weight was correlated with the degree of SNV and dietary protein intake, and thus a form of food, which, without being unbalanced or insufficient, has a slight deficit in relation to living conditions. Conclusion: Consistent with the literature, our analysis highlights the relationship of the child's weight at birth with age, weight and size of the mother, so that after birth. In group NN normotrophes, weight was correlated with the degree of SNV, and dietary protein intake, particularly animal.