Résumé:
The most of the Algerian subcoastal regions, especially those in the East of the country, have rugged terrain. The alluvial plain of El-Milia ( study area ) draining oued El-kébir is encased in ""bottom of pan"" by reliefs that surround it on all sides and characterized by a particularly humid climate. In view of the ever-increasing need for groundwater and the overexploitation of the water resources of the surface aquifer contained in El-Milia plain, where intensive agricultural activities in both crops and livestock farming contribute to an already severe pollution of groundwater; these waters, which are subject to industrial pollution, mark the presence of a plant for the production of sanitary ceramics and a tannery and by the recent installation (for a decade) of a colossal steel industry as well as a mega power plant; Faced with all this, the site described is subject to an almost obvious degree of vulnerability, hence the motivated interest in including the present study from a research perspective on the pollution impact on the waters of this free-type aquifer. To do this, it is first necessary to know the geology of the environment and the lithological nature of the aquifer formations that could be behind the chemical face of the waters and especially particular attention is paid to the dosage of heavy metals in order to arrive at the origin of the undesirable elements that are present in this water; the case in which it would be necessary to circumscribe the areas of vulnerability and the ways in which they are protected.
