Résumé:
In this work, we conducted the phytochemical study and evaluated the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of plants grown in the Eastern Algerian belonging to the Lamiaceae family : Salvia argentea var. aurasiaca (Pomel) Batt. et Trab., Stachys ocymastrum (L.) Briq. et Salvia officinalis L..
The phytochemical study of the species Salvia argentea var. aurasiaca (Pomel) Batt. et Trab resulted in the isolation of 19 compounds of which 12 were described for the first time in the plant kingdom, The isolated compounds belong to six classes of secondary metabolites:
- 12 triterpenes
- 1 saponin
- 3 flavonoids
- 1 a simple phenol derivative (new for the genus)
- 1 cinamic acid derivative
- 1 phenylpropanoid ester heteroside
The structure determination of the isolated compound was carried out by physical methods such as UV-visible spectrophotometry, the high resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray (HRESIMS), the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR 1H, NMR 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, ROESY).
In continuation of previous works on the species Stachys ocymastrum (L.) Briq. Four flavonoids have been isolated, we’ve identified two other flavonoids from the n-butanolic extract by the use of HPLC-UV analaysis in the presence of the authentic samples.
GC and GC / MS analysis of the essential oil of Salvia officinalis L. led to the identification of 35 compounds with 3 as the major components: the α-thujone (24.52%), camphor (16.86%) and 1,8-cineole (15.92%).
The Butanolic extract of Stachys ocymastrum (L.) Briq. exhibited a good antioxidant activity by the use of the DPPH method.
The essential oil of Salvia officinalis L. especially inhibited the growth of bacterial strains namely Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Escherichia coli (HS) and Streptococcus homeolytic and showed good antioxidant activity by β-carotene bleaching methode.