الخلاصة:
Local development is a complex process; it allows the development of human resources and meets the requirements of social and economic life. It stimulates, therefore, the growth and improvement of living conditions and social stability which the head is essential. The head is an effective and dynamic local development actor and require, therefore, strategies to end its problems of underdevelopment, such as poverty and isolation and marginalization of rural areas and mountainous.
Poverty is regarded as one of the constraints to the development and the origin of social instability in the region (the continuing rural exodus). It concerns not only the physical, but also the weakness of human capital issues of access to services and basic infrastructure that provide a living in the region. The desired dynamics will enable the development of basic infrastructure necessary to allow people to easily access the different services and will also create jobs and therefore will contribute to the setting in their rural areas, thus putting an end to rural or agricultural exodus.
Practically, regional development experiencing delays due to wrong choice of location, strategic planning and the absence of territorial governance. This has worsened the social segregation and regional disparities. However, urban areas and geographic areas East and West in the Tell region were the main beneficiaries of the various development programs, but mountainous areas, have remained marginalized and underdeveloped and suffer as a result, a social injustice space. The study area illustrates the marginalization and the crisis of mountain areas. Agglomerations in mountainous areas, especially those located in the interval between the Tell and the highlands
remained marginalized for a long time and still suffer from overt multidimensional crisis, or during the colonial period, or during that of the command economy and still suffer during the recent period of the liberal economy. Despite the emergence of new mechanisms in the field of investment and support the necessary economic growth is slow in coming.
Accompaniment, the need for economic growth is slow in coming, The region remains repulsive and suffers from a lack of attractiveness with the exception of a few limited locations. Despite its potential, the mountain area still suffers from poverty when other regions are an important dynamic. This situation has further aggravated the
spatial inequalities.
In this context, this study attempts to determine the options for upgrading the mountain area and trying to determine a strategy for its development, and thus reduce regional disparities through integrated sustainable development.
