الخلاصة:
This study investigate the protector effect of Olea europaea.L against nephropathy induced by chloride mercury in mouse male Albinos wistar. Phenolic composition and biological activities of olives and leaves extracts from Italian and Algerian Olea europaea L. cultivars were studied.Total phenolic and tannin contents were quantified in the extracts. Moreover 14 different phenolic compounds were identified , and their profiles showed remarkable
quantitative differences among analysed olive extracts (OE). Glucosylated luteolin ,hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein are identified in the Chemlal olive leaves (CLE). Results showed that (OE)of Chemlal, between Algerian cultivars, and (OE) of Coratina, among Italian ones , and hydroxytyrosol, among identified phenolic compounds, were found to be the best inhibitors of the DPPH , and Carotene bleaching and a good iron reducers. Although (CLE) markedly provided an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. In vivo ,the study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of (CLE) in mercuric chloride (HgCl2) induced renal oxidative stress. Adult male albino Wistar mice were exposed to (HgCl2; 5 mg/kg bwt;ip) and (CLE; 200 mg/kg bwt) for 10 days compared with sodium selinate (0.1 mg/kg) as standard reference. Treatment with HgCl2 induced renal dysfunction by increasing urea , creatinin . Lipid peroxidation was elevated and along with a concomitant decrease in glutathione and various antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase,
catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. HgCl2 intoxication increased nitric oxide production and myeloperoxidase and decreased LDH activities . Pretreatment with (CLE) exhibited a good protection as evidenced by the correction of renal functional, amelioration of the antioxidant system . The inflammatory reactions were modulated.
Histopathological examination of the kidney tissues proved the protective effect of (CLE) against HgCl2. The obtained results clearly show that, the response of(CLE)and sodium selinate are comparable in most parameters. These findings showed that , the olive leaf extract possessed an antioxidant and an anti-inflammtory actions that could be attributed to the bioactive principles (glucosylated luteolin, hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein) synergistically acted .Results suggest that Olea europaea leaves and olives extracts can represent an
important natural source with high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and would seem to be applicable in both the health and medical food.
