Etude morphologique et caryologique de quelques varietés de blé dur, triticum turgidium L. thell et blé tendre, triticum aestivum, thell

Abstract

The recent work consists in two difièrent parts, one morphophysiology and another caryology studies on some varieties of hard and soft wheat. The distinction, the homogeneity and stability of three varieties of hard wheat (Waha, Bidi 17 and Oued Zenati 386) and three others (Arz, Mahon-Demias and Florence x Aurore 8193) of soft wheat were realised according to U. P. O. V. (Itemational Union for Protection of Vegetables Otentions) recommendations by following plants stages. This study necessits Analysis of Principal Components (A. P. C.) and Factorial Analysis of Correspondents (F. A. C.) on the fact that our variables were essentially qualitatively. Our varieties were distinguished by some variables, homogenise and stables. Nevertheless, stability in our case can’t be confirmed for one year of analysis. On the other hand, six described cards have been proposed for the six varieties Caryology study by Feulgen coloration of two varieties chromosomes (Waha and Bidi 17) of hard wheat is complicated. A lot of assays with several pretreatants were effeclued at many temperatures and at various concentrations. Two ideograms for the two varieties were realised and show that almost chromosomes were metacentrics. Waha variety presents only one satellite and two secondary Constrictions where as Bidi 17 has only one secondary constriction. The two caryotypes are symmetrical and the two varieties in chromosome morphology appear homogenises but they differed for chromosomes types traces.

Université Frères Mentouri - Constantine 1