استخلاص وتنقية المركبات الفعالة بيولوجيا من بعض الأنواع النباتية

Abstract

The phytochemical screening of species: Ormenis africana, Chrysanthemum macrocarpum, C.mreboudianum and C. fuscatum shows the presence of essential oils, flavonoids, sterols or terpenes,saponins and carotenoids. The GC/MS analysis of the essential oils of species: Oa, Cƒ and Cr showed that these oils contain major compounds with oxygenic functions (aldehydes, ketones, esters and acids) and that for theathreeaplants. This study also allowed the isolate, the purify and the identify of three compounds from the flowers of Oa (B-sitosterol, Luteolin-7-O-glucoside and Quercetin-3-O-glucoside), the molecular structures of purified compounds were elucidated by UV spectroscopy techniques and NMR (1H, 13C). Spectrometric quantitative determinations of total polyphenols by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and flavonoids those prepared by the aluminum chloride AlCl3 revealed rich extracts (AcOEt and BuOH) by flavonoids and phenols contribution extracts (Hexane and CHCl3) of different species tested. The antiradical potential of essential oils (Oa, Cƒ and Cr) and extracts (Hexane, CHCl3, EtOAc and BuOH) Oa and chrysanthemum species tested was determined by the method of DPPH and the results show that essential oil of Oa is most active by supplying essential oils (Cƒ and Cr). The extract butanol and ethyl acetate of the two species (Oa and Cm) in addition to the chloroform extract of the species Cƒ, demonstrated a remarkable antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial potency testing, CMI and CMD has been made on a range of (bacteria and fungi) to give an idea of the scope of our antimicrobial activity (essential oils and flavonoid extracts), the EO of Oa seems to enjoy a remarkable inhibitory activity against Gram (+) tested and Candida albicans compared with the EO of Cƒ and EO of Cr appears less active. The results also show a sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to the essential oils and various extracts tested.