Résumé:
In Algeria, as in all countries in the developing world, obesity has become more common in adults. This study aims to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in constantine and to investigate the risk factors associated. A cross-sectional study with cluster sampling allowed us to estimate the prevalence of all categories of body mass index. To this end, 1143 adults living in Constantine, were interviewed. Individual meetings include a measurement anthropometric and a guided interview using a questionnaire. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is respectively 32,5% and 30,9%. Women are more affected by obesity than men. Obesity is more common in people with no professional activity. Similarly, the level of education and the prevalence of obesity are inversely correlated. This study shows that the increase is not limited to BMI for adults TT, WHR and RTG increase with age regardless of sex. The abdominal obesity according to IDF and according to the U.S.NCEP ATP III respectively found in 68,15% and 51,96% of subjects. It is more common in women and 55-64 years. The abdominal obesity according to WHR was 52,3%, WHR and RTG are higher in women. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis shows that after adjustment for socioeconomic variables and lifestyle, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is significantly different according to age, marital status, educational level, sedentary and smoking status for men. The status of overweight and obesity is linked to many diseases, some of which are very serious. The analysis of this study revealed associations between overweight / obesity and hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic and hormonal abnormalities are frequent and many readily associated in obese upper bound his cardiovascular risk and hampering their quality of life. The results of biological analysis of this study show that 27,0% of obese patients have hyperglycemia. 11,2% of obese hypercholesterolemia and 17,8% had hypertriglyceridemia. The leptin is higher in obese compared to controls. Serum cortisol hormone profile appears to be altered in obese subjects compared to controls in the study. The adult obesity is a major public health problems of our days would further increase the risk of chronic diseases if preventive measures are not taken. Obesity is a serious disease which causes significant health care costs. Preventive measures are urgently taken.
Promote a healthy and balanced diet and actively promote physical activity should be a priority in the prevention of obesity in childhood.
