ظاهرة التغير الدلالي للألفاظ في السياق القرآني

Abstract

The title of the research is (the phenomenon of semantic change of words in the Quranic context, rhetorical study.) this thesis is organized as follows; an introduction and four chapters; The first chapter is a theoretical part, we explained the terms; the meaning and these types, semantics, then outlined the causes of semantic changes, phenomena of change and their consequences. Ullmann identifies six classes of causes that may cause semantic change ; linguistic causes, historical, social, psychological, foreign influence and the need for a new name. five phenomena of change have been distinguished; The main rhetorical figures that act in the process of semantic change are; metaphor, metonymy synecdoche, the processes of generalization and specialization, as well as the methods of melioration and worsening. The second chapter was sacred to discuss the concept context in ancient Arabic heritage, rhetoricians, originators and explainers of the Koran. They showed two types of contexts; the verbal context and the context of situation. J.FIRHT in modern linguistics envisages the problem of meaning in a context situation gives. According to him the meaning is contextualization. but what must finally mention is that some critics do not lack to attract attention to the lack of context for accuracy, meaning, among firth and in the heritage. The third chapter Practical study proposes a rhetorical approach to semantic change. from this analysis, the general sense is defined depicted in the Quranic context as meaning a change that turns a word its own meaning. we distinguish different species of tropes, based on the nature of the semantic relations between the meaning of the word has its meaning figuratively of borrowing, we retained the major categories rhetoricians have emerged from the study of tropological figures; (Metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche). The fourth chapter examines the denotative extension in the Quranic context , we have six rhetorical causes that produce extension of meaning ; hysteron-proteron, omission , generalize the information on a particular topic ,the phrase that expresses two possible forms; declarative and performative, the expression which carries two figurative meanings , implication , and finaly the usage of word in tow sens.