Résumé:
Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic pathogen, emerged in the early
20th century. Over time, it has evolved by deploying antibiotic resistance mechanisms, making it a
striking example of the evolution of microbial resistance. A. baumannii is identified as one of the
nosocomial pathogens of greatest concern. In fact, in France, Acinetobacter baumannii is responsible
for more than 90% of clinical isolates.
Objectives: The fundamental objective of this study is to isolate strains of Acinetobacter
baumannii from samples received from different departments of a hospital in Constantine, identify them
and then determine their resistance profiles to various antibiotics.
Methods: A comparative study (retrospective and prospective) was carried out on a sample of 86
strains of the Acinetobacter genus, including in particular 46 strains of the Acinetobacter baumannii
species. These samples were collected between 2019 and 2023 from different samples, the majority of
which were received from the intensive care unit (61.62%). The strains were isolated and identified by
conventional methods in the microbiology laboratory. The resistance profile was established according
to the CLCI recommendations.
Results and discussion: All bacteria present significant resistance to the majority of antibiotics
such as β-lactams, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, however, they remain sensitive to colistin
with a percentage of 97.8%. These results obtained support the multiresistance nature of Acinetobacter
baumannii.
Conclusion: Acinetobacter baumannii has become a global threat and poses enormous
therapeutic problems for treating carrier patients. It is therefore essential to strengthen surveillance and
apply good hospital hygiene practices as well as the rational use of antibiotics
