Contribution à l’étude numérique par éléments finis et caractérisation expérimentale d’un airbag gonflable hyper-élastique soumis à des sollicitations multiaxiales.

Abstract

The study carried out focuses mainly on numerical analysis by finite elements of the free deployment of a standard airbag during a frontal collision. In this context, digital finite element models have been developed to simulate the deployment of a driver airbag subjected to multiaxial stresses that can cause large deformations. Then, the crash of the air bags by a high-speed impact was also analyzed. To do this, preliminary tensile tests were carried out in order to determine the mechanical characteristics in uni-axial traction of the different materials used in this study. The simulations proposed to simulate a frontal impact were carried out using the Ls Dyna calculation code. The model developed made it possible to analyze and compare the deployment of airbags from three major manufacturers. The second part includes digital finite element simulations of the driver's behavior during the pre-crash phases. The analysis takes into account the evolution of the position of the belted or not belted manikin after a collision in order to analyze the effectiveness of the security systems put in a tourist vehicle to protect the passengers. All the results of the numerical simulations have been validated by experimental comparison.