Résumé:
Drug-induced hepatitis are implicated in the majority of drug-related deaths. Following a
bibliographical synthesis through which general data on liver and hepatotoxicities were
reported, and general knowledge of the composition of milk and camel urine and their
different therapeutic uses. Our practical study included two chapters; the objective of the first
chapter was to study some physicochemical, biochemical and microbiological parameters of
milk and camel urine. The results we were able to obtain are similar to those reported in the
bibliography. This reflects the exceptional qualities of milk and camel urine, and the
undeniable antioxidant activity of camel urine.
The objective of the second chapter was to study the hepatoprotective effects of milk and
camel urine in 5 groups consisting of 8 rabbits each. The first group received a saline solution
(control), while the animals in group 2 received isoniazid (50 mg/Kg/d) daily with rifampin
(100 mg/Kg/d) for 10 days. Rabbits in groups 3, 4 and 5 received isoniazid (50 mg/kg/day)
and rifampin (100 mg/kg/day) with milk (33 ml/kg weight/day), urine (20 ml/kg weight/day),
and a mixture containing milk and camel urine, respectively. Plasma levels of bilirubin, total
protein, glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, as well as the activities of the
ALAT, ASAT and PAL enzymes were measured. Histological changes in liver tissue have
also been described. Group 2 rabbits showed a non-significant increase in plasma levels of
ALAT and ASAT and a very significant increase in bilirubin and PAL. Histological sections
of the liver of Group 2 rabbits showed signs of hepatocytic pain. Values of assayed
biochemical parameters were restored in animals in groups 3, 4 and 5 compared to group 2.
Histological variations were also reduced in animals receiving milk and camel urine, thus
demonstrating an improvement in the histopathological picture. Camel milk and urine thus
have protective effects on hepatotoxicity induced by the combination isoniazid-rifampin.
