Résumé:
The aim of the research is to evaluate the interaction between salinity and the micronutrients represented in Fe and Mo, on certain physio-morphological, biochemical and histological characteristics on the leaves, stems and roots of four cultivars of the bean. Vicia faba.L (V1 Malti, V2 Histal, V3 broads and V4 Aguadulce) during the germination and vegetative growth phases.a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block device (split plot) with four levels of NaCl (S0: 0, S1: S2 :) mMol, Each treatment was in four levels of micronutrients, two levels of iron in the form of iron sulfate Fe2 SO47H2O (F0, F1), and two levels of molybdenum as Ammonium molybdate (NH₄)6Mo₇O₂₄.4H₂O (Mo0, Mo1), each treatment for each level was
repeated four times (R1, R2, R3, R4), the work was carried out on 192 experimental units under controlled conditions.The results showed that the salinity concentrations used, regardless of the trace elements, negatively affected the studied traits, as the high concentration (S3: 150 mmol / L) had the most effect on these traits. ,Through the main compound analysis, it was found that the five characteristics the germination ratio :, GP, the greatest thickness of the epidermal cell of the root: TLREC, the largest area of the epidermal cell of the root : SLSEC, the amount of hemicellulose in the QHS stem, and the area of the upper epidermal stomata (UES). These traits had the greatest
response compared to other variables studied during germination and vegetative growth stage. By applying these two salts, iron sulphate and aluminum molybdate, sprayed on the leaves, the harmful effects of salinity were eliminated. it was concluded that the Ammonium molybdate salts were more positive compared to iron sulphate, Also, the genotypes studied showed well differentiated behaviors under the high concentrations of NaCl S3: 150mol / L and S2:: 50mMol / L during the phase of germination and vegetative growth.The group separation index according to the analysis of variance indicates that the cultivar (V4 Aguadulce) was more responsive to micronutrient treatments (Fe,
Mo), while the cultivar V1 Malti remained very sensitive, and the two cultivars V2 Histal, V3 Broad had the same behavior in resistance to salinity, either when adding iron sulphate or aluminum molybdate sprayed on the leaves.
