Seuil de détection du goût des lipides et corpulence.

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between fat detection threshold and weight status of adult women The study included 140 women aged from 18 to 50 years old. Exclusion criterias were considered. Weight and height were measured to calculate BMI. Overweight is defined by a BMI 25 and obesity by a BMI 30. The three alternative forced choice (3-AFC) method has been adapted to determine detection thresholds. Individuals were classified DV K\SRVHQVLWLYH mM and hypersensitive < 3 mM. Lipid perception intensity was measured by a gLMS intensity scale. Nutritional intakes were assessed by a 24 hour foodconsumption diaries repeated 3 times. The level of preference towards fatty foods was assessed by a preference questionnaire. Tongue photography was taken to count fungiform papillae. Two polymorphisms of the CD36 gene were studied (rs1761667 and rs1527483) by real-time PCR. The association of the two polymorphisms with obesity has been investigated in 50 women. Statistical analysis is performed with SPSS software. Our results confirm the association between lipid detection thresholds and weight status of women. The anthropometric parameters (BMI, waist circumference, waist circumference / hip circumference ratio and waist circumference / height ratio) are positively associated with the fat detection threshold. Obese participants are the least sensitive to fat taste. Better sensitivity to oleic acid is associated with better intensity of perception and identification of fat in food. Obese subjects have the lowest lipid perception intensity. Impaired lipid detection is possibly related to overweight in adults. Lipids hyposensitivity has been linked to higher intakes of overall energy and fat intake. It is also linked to higher preference for pure fat and salty-fat foods. Reduced taste density is associated with low taste sensitivity and overweight. Obese people consume more energy and fat and have a greater preference for fat. The study of polymorphism of the two variants-CD36 gene (rs1761667 and rs1527483) confirms its involvement in obesity in our population.