Efficacité énergétique

Abstract

In context of the current energy requirements for different processes, the implementation of various control and energy saving solutions respectful of the environment is of utmost importance. This objective can be achieved through the optimal use of energy from available resources such as use of renewable energies. In Algeria, the building sector is the most energy-intensive. Thus, in order to help to meet the energy needs of this sector and reduce the share of conventional energy used and the greenhouse gas emissions, the solar energy is undoubtedly the better way to exploit due to its abundance in our country. This thesis is part of aforementioned approach to energy management in the building sector. The goal is to use active and passive solutions to achieve high energy performance. The proposed solutions are the integration of photovoltaic panels in buildings, on the one hand and the use of phase change materials (PCM) such as roof panels (PVT-MCP), on the other hand. For the first, the aim shall be to meet the energy needs of a habitat by use of photovoltaic panels. Simulation method utilizing ant colony optimization algorithm (OCF) is developed and employed to determine the optimal values of the angle of inclination of the photovoltaic panels placed at the Ghardaia site (Algeria). The Muneer model is used to calculate solar radiation falling on horizontal and inclined surfaces. For the second proposal, solid-liquid materials in the stabilized form are used to store thermal energy in the form of latent heat. The real impact of PCM in terms of additional thermal insulation is examined and numerical methods to predict their impacts on the temperature field and thermal comfort are proposed. In the model developed, the characteristics of the panels modeled were obtained from DuPontTM EnergainR.