New redshift and its implications.

Abstract

Modern cosmology has several unexplained astrophysical observations which are still paradoxical. Among those mysteries, we find discrepancy in cosmological parameters estimations, accelerated expansion of the Universe, cosmic magnetic fields origins and several small scale anomalies like compact clusters or galaxy-quasar associations and ultra high energy cosmic rays. Efforts made in the field of observational cosmology didn’t solve those questions. Moreover, several theories has been proposed as extensions or complete replacement of standard theories such as Einstein’s general relativity or standard model of particle physics to explain paradoxical observations. But, they failed to account for all classical tests and didn’t provide a consistent explanation of all observations. In this research, we adopt a different approach in which our interpretation of observations is re-examined in light of new and previously unconsidered effects contributing to cosmological data especially observed redshift. A new effect is predicted to be the result of the gravitational interaction between photons and constant magnetic fields creating gravitational waves. The energy carried by these waves is manifested as a photon redshift contributing to those observed redshifts. Contributions from this effect are misinterpreted as caused from Doppler Effect or gravitational redshift. Analytical methods and especially numerical methods are used in this thesis to estimate this new effect impacts. With analytical methods, new solutions are found for Maxwell’s equations proving a preservation of smooth primordial magnetic fields after recombination. With numerical methods, several codes such as SCOPE, RPC and extended version of CRPROPA are developed and is used to present possible explanations to a number misunderstood phenomena. Extensions to both codes ENZO and YT are used to study our redshift effect impacts using cosmological simulations. The analysis of synthetic observations has shown a significant contribution of our redshift affecting revised models of Stephan’s Quintet members and cosmological parameters estimations especially Hubble constant. A large number of results has been achieved using our code and still need further confirmations after more development and extensions in future research