Etude et optimisation d’un système de chauffage photo-solaire d’une habitation.

Abstract

The aim of this work is the modeling and sizing of a solar water heating system with low temperature integrated in an old building. The principle is to replace the traditional boiler by a storage tank heated with a set of solar collectors in one hand and the existing conventional radiators by low-temperature radiators on the other hand. The detailed simulation model of the entire system, based on the calculation of the thermal behavior of the various components of the system (solar collector, storage tank, system distribution and house) is done. The numerical model has been developed to evaluate the energy efficiency of the installation, in terms of energy consumption, thermal comfort and profitability in order to estimate the possibility of using this system in Algerian climatic conditions. For the simulation we chose the climatic conditions of the region of Adrar (27.10 N, 0.17 W, altitude 279 m) located in the south of Algeria for four successive days in January. The results obtained show that the integration of solar heating in an old individual home using low temperature radiators, provides adequate conditions of comfort (23 ° C the day and 17 ° C the night) while minimizing energy consumption to 20.8%. In addition, this heating technique makes it possible to improve the overall efficiency of the heating system by 15%. Nevertheless, the high initial cost of the solar installation and the relatively low price of gas in Algeria represent the major obstacle to the use of this heating system respectful of the environment.