Etude et conception d’un distillateur solaire à usage agricole

Abstract

Solar distillation whose the basic approach is the natural hydrologic cycle, is suitable for supplying fresh water to small communities (humans or animals) who live in arid and isolated regions where energy and water are insufficient and solar energy is abundant. States of the situations of energy, water and solar distillation in the world have been dressed. From this, two new solar still models have been developed, one theoretically: flowing solution over inclined flat plates solar still; and the other experimentally: canals solar still. To study the effect of significant parameters on the evaporated volume water of a flowing solution on a heated inclined plate or several inclined plates solar still, a mathematical two dimensional flow analysis was carried out based on continuity, momentum and energy equations for the liquid phase. It is shown that the significant parameters are the film thickness, the plate length and inclination, and the heat at the wall which represents the solar radiation absorbed by the plate. In the experimental studies, canals solar still prototype of 0, 6 m2 in area has been designed and tested. The tests have shown the effects of certain atmospheric, design and operational techniques parameters on the output and the operation of the solar still. It has been concluded that the solar radiation, the solar movement pursuit, the distance covered by the solution and a good thermal isolation, have a significant effects on the output of the solar still whose distilled water production has reached an appreciable quantity of 2,7 l (i.e. 4,8 l/m2). Finally, some propositions have been suggested for further study, to develop the two new types of solar stills.