Etude phytochimique et évaluation du potentiel biologique de Salsola tetragona Del. et Traganum nudatum Del.(Amaranthaceae ex. Chenopodiaceae)

Abstract

The extraction and chromatographic purifications (VLC, CC, TLC) of two Algerian medicinal plants belonging to the Amaranthaceae family (Salsola tetragona and Traganum nudatum) led to the isolation and identification of 13 products including one new cardenolide and 6 new compounds in the family. The structures of isolated compounds were established using different spectral methods of NMR 1D et 2D (1H, 13C, COSY H-H, HMBC, HSQC and NOESY) and mass spectroscopy ESI-MS. LC-MS/MS analysis of the hydromethanol extract of Traganum nudatum led to the identification of 10 compounds including 6 phenolic acids and 2 flavonoids. This extract showed the highest antioxidant activity with four methods: DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene and CUPRAC. It also exhibited a good photoprotection activity and inhibited more specifically the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The butanolic extract of S. tetragona exhibited the best antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia.