Amélioration de la qualité du réseau electrique à l’aide de compensateurs actifs.

Abstract

This thesis falls within the framework of harmonic depollution of the low voltage electrical networks using an active power compensators, this pollution is caused by the unlimited use of non-linear loads. The causes, the effects of these harmonic disturbances and the international standards imposed to protect the consumers against these disturbances are presented. Also, several traditional and modern solutions against the harmonic pollution are presented. We have focused our study on the development of the control techniques of shunt active power filter, For this reason, we have based on the development of methods for determining harmonic reference currents based on a multivariable filter (MVF), These new methods are able to correctly extract the reference harmonic currents necessary to control the SAPF, after that, we have implemented the modified (p-q) method on the power active filter in order to carry out a global active compensation of the harmonics currents, the behavior and quality of filtering of the APF are evaluated with two kinds of electric loads, with different types of electrical network and with a photovoltaic power source. Then, we have developed two harmonic selective identification methods based on multivariable filter, which are implemented in real time, in order to realise a selective active compensation of specific harmonic currents under low DC link voltage, this work was closed by an experimental validation of an active power filter (APF) fed by a PMSG-based wind system, for this we implemented three controllers to control this system, which are the predictive current controller, Type-2 fuzzy logic controller, and an ANFIS controller. The experimental results obtained show that this system is capable of compensating for harmonics and reactive power, and also injected active power into the electrical network.