L’intérêt des biomarqueurs osseux dans le diagnostic, le suivi et l’évaluation des tumeurs osseuses

Abstract

Primary bone tumors are a major public health problem. Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are rare diseases that affect children and young adults, and are the result of impaired bone remodeling. Biochemical markers of bone remodeling are used in the diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of bone metastases, osteoporosis in combination with imaging techniques. However, bone biomarkers of P1NP and PAO formation and those of CTX and TRAP5b bone resorption may be useful in the diagnosis, evaluation and monitoring of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Firstly, we described the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of bone tumors by a retrospective study at the level of Ibn Badis -Constantine Hospital-University Center in eastern Algeria. In a second step, we assessed serum biochemical markers of PAO and P1NP bone formation and CTX and TRAP5b bone resorption in patients with osteosarcoma (40 cases) and Ewing's sarcoma (34 cases) by the ELISA assay of these biomarkers. The latter showed good performance in the diagnosis of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in terms of precision before treatment, and in evaluation and follow-up after neoadjuvant chemotherapy-based treatment. On the other hand, the correlations of these biochemical markers with each other before and after treatment have allowed effective clinical evaluation of patients with both of these most common types of primary bone tumors. All of our work shows a new aspect of the diagnosis, evaluation and monitoring of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma before these are detectable by medical imaging.