دور القانون الدولي في حماية الغلاف الجوي من التلوث

Abstract

The atmosphere is one of the global commons and is defined as the mass of located outside the borders of countries and is used by everyone for their own purposes process includes the global commons number of obligations rests with the states, which apply to the atmosphere such as the peaceful use of the atmosphere and the inadmissibility of the claim ownership and private cooperation in order to protect it. The problems facing the atmosphere is the depletion of the ozone layer, climate change and have these problems occurred due to special increasing concentrations in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide gases by human activities and is the main cause of climate change chlorofluorocarbons and materials that lead to the depletion of the ozone layer, and these problems are serious on human health and the environment so that the international community is making efforts to fight it and therefore has been a number of agreements and conferencing to deal with these problems has been the adoption of the Vienna Convention on 22 March, 1985 on the Protection of the ozone layer and the Convention laid-minute regulatory mechanism led to the conclusion of the Montreal Protocol in 1987, and on substances Deplete the ozone layer, which was followed by several amendments in order to reach to remove the fluorescent carbon chlorofluorocarbon gases completely and then followed by the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change in 1992 and aimed at reducing greenhouse gases emissions to return to what it was in 1990 and to achieve the objectives of the Convention attached to the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and Copenhagen in 2009, which concluded agreement is not legally binding and continued international efforts to conclude the Doha conference cop18, then Paris cop21 in 2015 who was a great success and the development of many of the decisions the Conference, followed by cop22 Marrakech conference in 2016 in order to implement the commitments contained in the Conference Paris . Through the discussions and the outcome of international conferences on atmospheric pollution, we find that the fear of the anticipated environmental impacts enshrines the dominance of developed countries to developing countries by requiring developing countries to preserve the environment and nature conservation, while industrialized countries abandonpolluting industries to the environment to developing countries and the industrialized countries should make efforts to reduce the gap between them and the developing countries and remains the option either to lose the appropriate conditions of life on the surface of the land or take advantage of them. we are all on one ship, namely the globe if anyone Oattbha loss came irreversible.