Contribution à l'étude des flores intestinales des poulets conventionnels sains

Abstract

The experimental study was about 223 chickens descended of different production units of the East Algerian, they are aged from 1 day to 7 months and don't present any clinical symptom. To the autopsy, the choice of the withdrawal sites set according to the topographic anatomy of the intestine of the birds, and of the distribution of the enterobacteria to the level of this alimentary tract. it understands the following portions : to 20 cm of the valve iléo caecal, the caeca, and the cesspool. In the first step we studied the distribution of the intestinal flora according to the character Lactose, and identified the different entérobactérien kinds isolated, according to the biochemical characters, the different kinds isolated are: Escherichia (E.coli), Shigella, Protéus, Salmonella, Yersinia, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas and. We recorded the apparition of new characters, especially the H2S+, then we illustrated the results in pictures on the what it has been mentioned, the age of the animal, origin of the chick, type of production and isolated bacterial kind. We studied the distribution of the identified kinds, in the different intestinal flora: caecal flora of the chicks, caecal, iléal and cesspool flora of the adult chickens. The results revealed the dominance of the E.coli kind (81,498% of floras) in relation to the Shigella kinds, Salmonella, Protéus and Edwardsiella for (18,501% of floras), however, in the class of the pathogenic, the Shigella held the first rank with a total percentage of (7,728%) and a preference for the ileum of the adult chickens. Follows came the Salmonella with a total percentage of 2,107%, signalling that its Salmonella appeared more among the chicks, first by vertical transmission, hens as contaminated (but lower percentage), then by transmission horizontal chick - chick. In the second step, we studied the distribution of the kinds isolated in dominance in the intestinal floras, according to : The type of withdrawal, age, the origin of the animal, and the type of production, The portage of the Pseudomonas kind has been valued in the intestinal floras of the chicks with a percentage of 11, 70% at the chicks and 9, 25% at the adult chickens. In finality we brought our findings on the state of balance of the intestinal micro flora of the healthy clinical appearance animals and whose nécroscopic diagnosis is negative.