La paramphistomose gastro‐duodenale des ruminants dans le nord‐est Algerien

Abstract

Studies on paramphistomosis have been achieved for two consecutive years for the purpose of specifying the prevalence of this trématodosis in cattle in the governorate of Jijel. The prevalence of this parasitosis is estimated at 18.5% in 2011 and 17.0 in 2012, with monthly peaks of 32.6% and 28.2% respectively. Our study has shown that this parasitosis is more significant in the coastal governorates such as Jijel, (17.6%), compared with the inland ones (Constantine and Sétif with respectively 5.05% and 2.70%). When there is strong prevalence, low parasitic loads have been recorded. This may be explained by the rarefaction of snails habitats, outside the periods of high pluviometry, but no study has been undertaken in this matter. Experimental infestations carried out on 20 sheep with Paramphostomum daubneyi have shown that only those receiving 1000 métacercarias have shown haematological modifications (light anaemia, polycythemia and eosinophilia), between the 9th and 12th postinfestation. Malacological investigations in the governorate of Jijel in 2010 have shown that molluscs, intermediary hosts, are infested during all year with a higher prevalence during the humid period. Experimental infestations on 3 species of Lymneidas by P.daubneyi have shown that Lymnea viatrix is the most apt to produce métacercarias inside a laboratory, compared to both Galba truncatula and Lymnea neotropica The identification of the paramphistomes species using molecular tools has confirmed the existence of two species which are P. daubneyi and P. microbothrium, in the various governorates of the Eastern Algeria (Jijel, Tarf, Constantine and Sétif).