Les activités biologiques de l’extrait n-butanol de la plante médicinale endémique Moricandia arvensis vis-à-vis de la toxicité induite par Doxorubicine

Abstract

Doxorubicin is one of the most effective molecules used in chemotherapy for many types of cancer. Its clinical use is limited due to its severe toxicity to various organs. This research work focused on the investigation of the protective effect of the n-butanol extract obtained from the aerial part of the Moricandia arvensis plant on hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity induced by the administration of doxorubicin at the dose (15mg/ kg). In vitro tests were also performed in this study: antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, Glavinoxyl, Ophenotroline, copper-neocuproene complex reduction activity (CUPRAC), reducing power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching inhibition), photoprotective activity and the anti-inflammatory activity on the cell line (U937). The results obtained in the present study clearly showed significant changes in biochemical parameters (ALAT, ASAT, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, glucose, urea, creatinine and CPK) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the group treated with doxorubicin (15mg/kg), this dysfunction was accompanied by alterations and changes in hepatic, renal and cardiac architecture. n-butanol extract from Moricandia arvensis (50 and 100 mg/kg) and vitamin E (100 mg/kg) restore biochemical parameters and improve antioxidant status. These beneficial effects were evident in histological sections. In addition, in vitro studies have shown that M. arvensis has endowed with antioxidant and photoprotective properties as well as an anti-inflammatory which results in decreased levels of ROS, NO PGE2, and NF-κB. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study reveal that the n-butanol extract of Moricandia arvensis can be considered a natural source to prevent hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin, these properties are probably explained by its high in polyphenols and flavonoids.