http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/4882 Thu, 22 Oct 2026 00:08:42 GMT 2026-10-22T00:08:42Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14866 Phytochemical study and biological activities of two species from the families verbenaceae and lauraceae. Boukabache, Meriem; Chibani, Salih Synthetic chemicals can have harmful effects on both humans and plants, leading to health issues like toxicity and pollution that disrupt ecosystems and damage plant growth; meanwhile essential oils offer safer, and natural alternatives. In this context, the objective of this research was to study the chemical composition, as well as the antioxidant, anti-enzymatic, and insecticidal activities, of essential oils from two medicinal plants, Laurus nobilis and Aloysia citrodora, along with their major compounds: 1,8-cineole, methyleugenol, citral, and limonene. The analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oils was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Six different in vitro tests, DPPH scavenging, ABTS cation radical, reducing power, β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, and phenanthroline assay were performed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of Laurus nobilis, Aloysia citrodora essential oils, and their major compounds; furthermore, the antienzymatic activity was carried out against six enzymes: acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, urease, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase. The insecticidal potential of essential oils, and their major compounds was assessed against three Aphid’s species: Aphis fabae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and Myzus persicae. We employed three different methods: contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity, and field efficacy testing. The results of the chemical composition analysis showed that Laurus nobilis essential oil is primarily composed of 1,8-cineole (26.43%), methyleugenol (13.55%), α-Terpinyl Acetate (11.77%), and linalool (10.19 %). In contrast, the main constituents of Aloysia citrodora essential oil were found to be citral (13.80%), limonene (12.16%), Neral (10.67%), Bicyclogermacrene (10.03%), Isospathulenol (6.06%), caryophyllene oxide (6.82%) and p-cymene (4.5%). the results of antioxidant activity, demonstrated that L. nobilis essential oil, along with 1,8-cineole and methyleugenol, exhibited strong antioxidant properties across all test methods. In contrast, A. citrodora essential oil and its major compounds, citral and limonene, showed no antioxidant activity. The assessment of enzymatic inhibition revealed that the examined volatile plant extracts, and their primary constituents exhibited selective efficacy, demonstrating potent inhibitory effects on certain enzymes while remaining inert against others. The insecticidal activity data indicates that both essential oils, along with the major compounds, showed strong contact and fumigant toxicities, against A. fabae, R. maidis, and M. persicae. Field experiments showed that Laurus nobilis essential oil had significant control effects, at a concentration of 0.4 L/m² achieving 86.81%, 80.67%, and 78.23% mortality for A. fabae, R. maidis, and M. persicae, respectively. Similarly, Aloysia citrodora essential oil shows mortality of 90.33% in adults of M. persicae, followed by 86.67% in A. fabae, and 84.00 % in R. maidis. However, the toxicity varied based on insect species, concentration, and exposure duration. Both oils proved more potent than their individual compounds in all the biological activities tested. The results showed that these essential oils and their major compounds could serve as alternatives to chemical synthetic preservatives and pesticides. Thu, 09 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14866 2025-01-09T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14506 تحديد أثر معاملات K+ على الخصائص الفيزيولوجية و الجزيئية للعقد الجذرية لنبات الفول (Vicia faba L.) أثناء نمو و تطور مرحلة إثمار النبات تحت الظروف الملحية. سعيد, هاجر; شوقي, سعيدة The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the interaction between potassium treatments under salinity levels on certain morpho-physiological parameters and the relationship with the cellular functioning mechanism at the molecular level. To understand this, a factorial experiment was designed in a completely randomized block device (split plot). which included four salinity levels as NaCl (S 0: 0, S1: 25, S2: 50, S3: 150) mMol/L And three potassium treatments as potassium acetate (CH3CO2K) (A0: 0 , A1: 25, A2: 50) mMol/L on two broad bean cultivars Vicia faba L. (var: Malti and Histal) during the vegetative stage growth and activity of the root nodes and the stage of growth of the fruiting body with five repetitions for each treatment, the work was carried out on 120 experimental units under controlled conditions under Greenhouse Morphological observation (ND, PSN , SF, NG, LG) and physiological (TERN, TERF, STIN STIPPV, PRON, PROR , PROF, SUCRN, SUCRR, SUCRF, LEGN, FLANR, ARNmN, ARNmF, ADNN , ADNF, Na+N , Na+F , +K N , K+F , K+/ Na+N , +K /Na+F , NN, NF, Fe+2N), Which showed very significant positive and negative correlations between them, it was found that the high salinity treatment S 3: 150 mMol/L showed very different behaviors between the two classes compared to the control. IDS3-DS0 =481.95 as well as the treatment with potassium at a concentration of A2: 50 mMol/L suppressed the deleterious effects of salinity for the two cultivars during the two stages of growth compared to the control, IDA2-DA0=25.88 The index of separation of the groups according to the analysis of variance for these variables studied during the two stages of growth indicates that cultivar Malti was more resistant to salinity compared to cultivar Histal IDM-DH =0.99 which was more sensitive. This was confirmed by a molecular study, applying the PCR technique, which showed that the Malti cultivar more distinct compared to the Histal cultivar by showing on the DNA bands genes for resistance to salinity in individuals treated with salinity only and in individuals treated with both salinity and potassium, however the INC1 primers of the ISSR technique were superior to the C11 and C14 primers of the RAPD technique in detecting DNA bands genes for resistance to salinity, while the primer INC2 of the ISSR technique was the least effective in showing these bands. Thu, 08 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14506 2023-06-08T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14497 Phenology and morpho-physiology of oasis wheat (Triticum) and possibilities for their valorization after cross breeding. Hadji, Toka; Boulacel, Mouad Wheat landraces sourced from Algerian Saharan oases constitute valuable genetic resources for breeding resilient genotypes in response to environmental stress and climate variability. This study aimed to assess the phenological, morpho-physiological, and agronomic characteristics of 10 Saharan oasis landraces. Furthermore, salt tolerance was evaluated using the membership function value for salt tolerance (MFVS) at 150 mM NaCl, incorporating physiological, agronomic, and biochemical markers. The selected landraces were subsequently integrated into a Line × Tester mating design with other wheat varieties, with the landraces designated as testers and the varieties designated as lines. The first experiment revealed substantial phenotypic diversity among the Saharan oasis wheat landraces, encompassing traits related to productivity, adaptation, and phenology. This diverse array of characteristics underscores the potential of these landraces as valuable genetic resources for breeding programs focused on creating segregating progenies with enriched genetic diversity and enhanced agronomic traits. The results of the second study identified Oum Rokba Elhamra, Khellouf, and Zeghlou landraces as the most tolerant, while Bourione was classified as the most sensitive one. The salt-tolerant and moderately tolerant wheat landraces maintained stable yields under saline stress conditions. Regression models revealed that for bread wheat, AA and GY accounted for most of the variation in MFVS, whereas for durum wheat, Gr. plant-1 and Na+ explained the majority of the observed differences. The results of Line × Tester analysis revealed existence F1 hybrids crosses have tapped into a wider range of genetic diversity. Data demonstrated that HB10 and HD6 expressed the highest number of favorable heterosis. The analysis revealed that non-additive genetic effects played a dominant role in determining the inheritance patterns of all studied traits except in FLA and SL in bread wheat and FLA, PH, AL, HT, ST, and HD in durum wheat. Correlation analysis revealed that GCA values of parental lines and testers HYB can be more effectively predicted based on GCA of parental lines in almost al traits. Evaluating the effect of salinity of F2 hybrids and their parents’ performance and genetic parameters revealed that all the studied traits were governed by non-additive genes under control and stress conditions except Pro in durum wheat. Desirable heterotic effects for slat-related traits was registered in the two species where some appeared to be consistent under bother conditions. In bread wheat, most 71% and 56% of hybrids with significant SCA were obtained from parents with different GCA status (poor × good or good × bad) under control and salinity conditions, respectively. For durum wheat, 65% were obtained from parents with different GCA status under control, while upon exposure to stress 75% of were derived from good × good combiners or poor × poor combiners. Sun, 19 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14497 2025-01-19T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14479 Analyses morphologique, cytogénétique et moléculaire du Lens culinaris Medik(Ssp Macrosperma et Microsperma) Hammadi, Hamida; Hammouda, Dounia Lentil (Lens culinaris), one of the main food leguminous crops grown in Algeria. The objective of this work is the evaluation of the genetic variability of 12 cultivars through agro-morphological, cytogenetic, biochemical and molecular approaches. Many works are carried out at different levels (plant, seed, cell, chromosome, protein and DNA). This work consists of studying the agro-morphological characterization carried out on 15 quantitative parameters, establishing a detailed cytogenetic study (karyotype analysis, NORs, Nbanding and C-ban ding, meiosis and palynology), biochemical analysis to highlight protein content by SDS-PAGE technique. At the same time, a molecular characterization carried out using seven proposed microsatellite markers. The Idlep3 and Flip90-31 cultivars revealed a high yield potential and the existence of a significant difference according to the morphological parameters which explain a significant inter-genotypic variation, the PC1 (F1) and PC2 (F2) scores are calculated as 36 .87 and 21.93% of the total variance, respectively. According to the ascending hierarchical clustering, the analysis revealed five major groups with differentiation of seed types (Macrosperma and Microsperma). Cytogenetic results show regularity between mitosis and meiosis. The karyotypes are symmetrical. a positive correlation is demonstrated between the level of heterochromatin and the number of NOR. from bands C and N. Our results are original, dismaying the determination of marker chromosomes 1,2,3,4, while chromosomes 5,6,7 do not have any. Also note, the presence of satellites and type B chromosomes (euchromatic and heterochromatic), in this case, could be explained as a manifestation of their adaptation. In addition, we observed meiotic abnormalities and the existence of variability by studying the biometric characters of pollens of different cultivars, which reflects the great diversity. Polymorphism of the protein banding pattern (84%) revealed inter-genotypic variability. The gel obtained showed forty bands ranging from 13 to 21 with a molecular weight of 10 to 120 KDa. The Idlep3 genotype is characterized by specific bands, followed by the Flip90-31 cultivar. A large genetic variability characterizes lentil genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranges from 2 (SSR317-1) to 6 (SSR19,SSR 151) and the PIC index ranges from 0.42 to 0.75. The frequency of the most common allele at each locus ranges from 42% (SSR317-1) to 75% (SSR28, SSR19). Based on the 44% genetic similarity coefficients, the dendrogram analysis revealed a large diversity observed among the cultivars, and it separates the cultivars into five groups. Note that there is no relationship between the geographical origin of the cultivars and the genetic distance. The genetic relationship discovered in this study could form the basis of future systematic lentil breeding programs. The Idlep3,Dahra and Flipe90-31 cultivars show the highest yields and are characterized by specific bands (or specific markers), which suggests that they are the most suitable cultivars. Therefore, we can offer them to agronomists to use them in lentil crosses for plant breeding Sun, 18 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14479 2022-12-18T00:00:00Z