http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/6363 2026-06-01T16:18:38Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14740 Contribution à la gestion des risques supply chain dans les entreprises algériennes. Saker, Besma; Chaib, Rachid In the past, production has been simple, but as time, with the opening of the global market, companies have begun to implement various initiatives, including the adoption of globalization strategies, diversification of production and outsourcing in order to acquire market share and a competitive advantage. These initiatives are efficient in a stable and certain environment, but they could make supply chains more vulnerable to various types of disruptions caused by a dynamic and/or uncertain environment. The latter lead to create risks that could have a negative affect the performance of supply chain performance by threatening its capacity to efficiently service the end customer market. Now, companies must therefore be in a position to face the risks that arise in their supply chains and place risk management at the forefront of their efforts to remain in a precarious environment. Given that it is not possible to know with absolute precision what will occur in the future, Supply chain risk management is important to keep the supply chain system uninterrupted. As a result, companies therefore need to identify risk factors, determine their probability, their severity and even their consequences. Thus, manage to propose action plans that meet the expectations of companies and customers, the objectives of our research work. This makes it possible to avoid risks or, if not possible, at a minimum to mitigate, contain and control them. To underline our contribution, case studies have been carried out within national with the aim of discovering the risks supply chain and proposing prevention strategies to help Algerian companies improve their performance as a supply chain, or even ensure its sustainability. 2023-06-25T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14658 Contribution à la reduction de la congestion liée au transport dans les aires urbaines. Djekrif, Fatma Zohra; Bouyaya, Lynda Traffic congestion in urban areas is a major challenge for city management today. It not only compromises the efficiency and sustainability of transport systems, but also affects citizens' quality of life and the environment. The aim of this thesis is to provide an in-depth analysis of the complex dynamics of urban congestion, its main causes - in particular the intensive use of private cars - and its many negative impacts, with a view to proposing sustainable solutions. The city of Skikda chosen as a case study because of the heavy use of private vehicles, identified as one of the main factors causing congestion. A field survey carried out to gain a better understanding of the reasons why users prefer to use cars, with a view to proposing viable alternatives. Particular attention paid to promoting public transport as a strategic solution for reducing the use of private cars and, consequently, mitigating the harmful effects of congestion, particularly air pollution and noise pollution. To achieve our objectives, a simulation of the Skikda transport network carried out using SUMO software, enabling a detailed and realistic analysis of traffic conditions. The results highlight the need for integrated and coherent strategies to combat congestion, while underlining the crucial importance of developing efficient and attractive public transport infrastructure. This work also highlights the fundamental role of urban planning in promoting sustainable mobility. Innovative approaches, such as Spatio-Temporal causality trees and fuzzy logic, have used to identify congestion patterns and guide planning decisions based on critical areas of the network. 2025-05-24T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14595 Contribution à la modélisation de la chaine logistique et son impact sur la performance des plateformes logistiques. Bounadi, Nassima; Bellaouar, Ahmed The effective management of the supply chain has become crucial in today's business landscape to maintain companies' competitiveness. This thesis delves deep into the theoretical foundations, modeling methods, performance evaluation, and practical applications, with a particular focus on distribution networks. Initially, we lay out the theoretical underpinnings of logistics and supply chain management, covering essential definitions and concepts, including stakeholders, flows, processes, and the notion of supply chain management. Subsequently, we explore specific aspects of logistics services, warehouses, logistics platforms, and distribution networks. Following that, we delve into the state-of-the-art in modeling and evaluating supply chain performance, presenting various approaches and methodologies. We start with organizational models, which provide a static but fundamental view of the structure and functioning of the supply chain, and then deepen our analysis by exploring dynamic modeling techniques, including analytical and simulation models. We also pay special attention to performance evaluation, reviewing various approaches such as the ABC – ABM method, the Balanced ScoreCard (BSC), the SCOR model, and other frameworks. An adaptation of the SCOR model is then proposed to evaluate the performance of Numiog's logistics platforms, with a detailed analysis of logistics processes, identification of key performance indicators, and recommendations for best practices to enhance operational efficiency. Additionally, the use of the SCOR model has enabled Numilog to standardize its processes and compare its performance against industry standards. We also observe an emerging trend in the scientific literature, with a significant increase in publications focusing on modeling and simulating supply chains using multi-agent systems, particularly with software like AnyLogic. A case study presents the use of AnyLogic to model and simulate Cevital's agri-food product distribution network, focusing on agentbased and discrete-event modeling. By leveraging AnyLogic's capabilities, we developed a realistic simulation model to determine the optimal number of vehicles needed to meet customer demands while maintaining efficient fleet utilization. Finally, we emphasize the importance of simulating the logistics chain, especially with tools like AnyLogistix. A specific case study was conducted to assist Cevital's decision-makers in determining the location of new logistics platforms and the optimal number of sites to open, by examining the impact of strategically distributing platforms on the overall performance of the logistics chain. The in-depth analysis of Cevital's distribution network in Algeria, conducted using Green Field Analysis (GFA) and simulations with AnyLogistix to model real-time delivery with detailed Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), has highlighted that strategically adding two new logistics platforms in Sétif and Rélizane resulted in a significant reduction in traveled distances, suggesting potential cost savings. The simulations allowed for the evaluation of various GFA scenarios, identifying Scenario 3 as the optimal choice to enhance Cevital's performance. This scenario effectively balances reducing CO2 emissions, decreasing transport costs, and optimizing the number of vehicles used, thereby providing a solid foundation for informed strategic decisions and enabling anticipation of potential impacts of proposed changes before their implementation. 2025-01-18T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14480 Contribution à l’étude du comportement aux volants des conducteurs de véhicules en situation d’urgence. Soulmana, Billal; Boukebbab, Salim Traffic accidents caused by a driver falling asleep at the wheel are particularly serious and often fatal, as drowsiness/fatigue seriously impairs the driver's performance, in particular his decision-making ability. Concretely, his reflexes are slowed down or even absent. This is the reason why increased drowsiness causes extremely serious accidents due to loss of control of the vehicle. To avoid this type of accident, it is necessary to detect the unexpected change in the physiological and behavioral state of the driver. In this thesis, we first made a new contribution by evaluating the effect of drowsiness and fatigue on the position of the hands while driving. Then, we proposed a program based on artificial intelligence to detect and calculate the hands on the different positions of the steering wheel automatically and quickly. Finally, we designed and implemented a reliable and mobile driver assistance system to detect driver drowsiness and yawning in real time using a Raspberry Pi microcontroller board and a webcam and some actuators. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z