http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/1 2026-10-06T13:10:20Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14845 أنماط التهديدات السيبرانية وتداعياتها على الأمن والسلم الدوليين. بوفليح, محمد السعيد; شعيبي, عبد الجبار Cyberspace has joined the domains that constitute the landmarks of state sovereignty, following the latter’s rapid move toward the digitization of sectors and the transfer of activities to this space. This trend has been accompanied by major challenges, foremost among them the security and safety of this space from threats. This study aims to shed light on these emerging threats that endanger global security and stability, by highlighting their uniqueness and specificity compared with other threats. This study relies on the descriptive approach to identify cyberspace, the threats associated with it, and the role played by the United Nations bodies in confronting this threat and preserving global security and stability. It also relies on the deductive approach to extract legal provisions and rules from the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime and the International Criminal Court’s public policy document on cyberattacks. This study concluded that cyber threats operate in a space that differs from the other arenas of conflict that we have known in traditional threats. This space has posed a real challenge to state sovereignty, as it does not recognize borders, and it has also contributed to affecting friendly international relations through the numerous cyberattacks witnessed by the world. It then attempts to assess the impact of those threats on the international arena, and how far the international response has gone in confronting the cyber threat. It also presents the technical and diplomatic solutions adopted by the actors of the international community to counter it, and presents Algeria’s experience in confronting cybercrime and limiting its effects internally. 2026-07-15T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14844 Infratextualité dans l’œuvre romanesque de Jamel Ali-Khodja. Bellal, Mohamed-Yacine; Logbi, Hanène The present research carried out as a doctoral thesis entitled « Infratextuality in Jamel Ali-Khodja's novelistic work » is a deep analysis of the novelistic work of this writer who takes as a starting point the construction of his novels with two relevant elements. Constant basic elements, which recur in the two novels and which we have called infratextual and variable elements which are built on the first and which are made up of fiction, intertext and referential socio-historical variants. Our analysis based on infratextuality, intertextuality, sociocriticism and narratology allowed us to detect the constants and variants of all of Ali-Khodja's novelistic work which takes Constantine as infrastructure and reference (even Algeria) of the first decades of independence remedied through typical and semiotic characters who draw their basic essence from the daily life of Algerian society. Characters who exert the same truthful, romantic and hypnotic infratextual effects in the two novels. 2024-10-08T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14843 L’ailleurs et le jadis dans l’œuvre de Jean Marie Gustave Le Clézio. Khaldi, Amel; Logbi, Hanène The writing of JMG Le Clézio was attached in its beginnings, to wondering about living and writing it, the desire for a consciously mediating writing between man and the world will take the form of the quest for 'a writing that would also be a means and an object for a harmony with the world. Le Cléz's work, which first devoted itself in a first period to transcribing the Western ""here"" and ""now"", space-time of an alienating ego/anthropocentrism, where the mobility of the characters is synonymous from a quest for oneself and the other, will then and by the integration of the geographical and temporal elsewhere devote himself to new possibilities of the relationship of man with the world. Mobility, even wandering affecting the different aspects of Le Clézienne's creation, who first wanted to register as a break with everything that could condition it, will therefore opt, over the course of its evolution, for a position valuing elsewhere and the past, space-time where being could be preserved, in love and contemplation of the universe. Our research is interested in this position valuing the elsewhere and the past, leading to the evolution of the work, from a writing attached to transcribing the Western ""here"" and now to another open to the elsewhere. both geographical and temporal, in the light of the philosophical and spiritual adventure of the author. 2022-10-19T00:00:00Z http://depot.umc.edu.dz/handle/123456789/14842 الجريمة البيئية في التشريع الجزائري. بوعلاق, مصطفى; تباني زواش, ربيعة This study aims to shed light on one of the most serious crimes that threaten environmental security in general and human life in particular—namely, environmental crime. This offense is marked by distinctive features that set it apart from traditional crimes, whether in terms of its inherent nature, the gravity of its consequences, or the means and techniques used in its commission. These particularities have compelled many legal systems, including the Algerian legal framework, to enact specific legislative texts to combat this category of crime. The Algerian legislator adopted this approach through Law No. 03-10 of 19 July 2003 on the protection of the environment within the framework of sustainable development. This law includes the most important substantive provisions related to environmental crime and is aligned with the principles established by international conventions aimed at combating such offenses. Additionally, it draws upon the general provisions of the Algerian Penal Code, while also introducing specialized procedural rules—particularly regarding the role of judicial police authorities, the process of establishing criminal liability, and attributing responsibility to either natural or legal persons. The ultimate objective is to enforce the legally prescribed penalties, whether criminal (principal or complementary) or administrative in nature. 2024-11-16T00:00:00Z